中国财富网讯（汤谷涵）9月10 日上午，教师节当天，阿里巴巴创始人马云发出公开信表示，一年后将不再担任阿里巴巴集团董事局主席。
同时，现任阿里巴巴集团CEO张勇（逍遥子）将接任董事局主席一职。
在公开信的最后，马云说到：“阿里从来不只属于马云，但马云会永远属于阿里。”同时，阿里巴巴公开了马云的新身份：阿里巴巴001号员工，阿里巴巴合伙人。
年仅54岁的马云为何放权？
人才制度完备， 可以交权
完善人才制度，筹备传承计划，马云早已有所准备。“这是我深思熟虑、认真准备了10年的计划。”创立之初，马云就立志让公司能持久发展102年。“我们相信只有建立一套制度，培养和锻炼出一大批人才的接班人体系，才能解开企业传承发展的难题，”马云在公开信中说到，“我们创建的新型合伙人机制，独特的文化和良将如潮的人才梯队，为公司传承打下坚实的制度基础。事实上，自2013年我交棒CEO开始，我们已经靠这样的机制顺利运转了5年。”
“阿里巴巴完成了从依靠个人特质变成依靠自制机制、依靠人才文化的企业制度升级”，马云总结道。
接班人成熟，放心交权
张勇（逍遥子）来到阿里已经11年。按照阿里内部流传的说法，张勇是“在高速公路上换引擎的人，而且把拖拉机换成了波音747。”
加入阿里之前，曾担任上海普华永道会计师事务所审计和企业咨询部门资深经理及盛大的首席财务官。
财务出身的他对市场、用户、产品等有自己的思考。在很多地方他改变了阿里巴巴，例如，他重新设计了淘宝的商业模式，随后力主举全集团之力“All in无线”，使手机淘宝成为世界上最大的移动电商平台。另外，由他打造的天猫“双11”，一经推出即成为现象级商业盛事，这一凝聚和调动全球商业力量的标杆迄今难有后来者超越。
在张勇担任CEO的第三个年头，阿里巴巴业绩持续走高。最近公布的2019财年财报显示，阿里营收增幅达到58%，创下了上市以来最高增速。
“他具有超级计算机般的逻辑和思考能力，坚信使命愿景，用于担当，全情投入，敢于站在未来创新设计新型商业模式和业态。阿里巴巴的接力火炬交给他和他领导的团队， 我认为这是我现在最应该做的最正确决定”，马云在信中说。
兴趣使然，教师梦驱使
马云1984年考入杭州师范大学外语系英语专业，毕业后做了教师。“和做阿里巴巴CEO相比，当老师，我能干得好很多”，马云此前反复表达了教师是他最喜欢的职业。“我做老师能得心应手，而且也是性格决定的，我对很多东西充满好奇。”
马云在信中讲到，“我想回归教育，做我热爱的事情会让我无比兴奋和幸福。”
马云辞职，外媒炸开了锅
英国广播公司高度赞赏了这位企业家，转述道“‘老师们总是希望他们的学生可以超过自己，所以我的责任是让更多的有才华的年轻人能够有能力接管公司’，马云说。”
路透社写到，“马云，这位具有超凡魅力的中国最大电商集团阿里巴巴的创始人，将于2019年9月10 日正式辞去董事局主席的职位。此后他会专注于慈善和教育事业。”
同时，马云公开声明的时机引发了外媒的猜测。“这份传承计划发生在消费品市场竞争日趋激烈的当下，尤其是如今阿里巴巴与腾讯为争夺消费者而展开了鏖战、中国市场监管趋紧的政策环境之中以及中美贸易摩擦的紧张态势中。”路透社如此评价。
对此，马云否认了营商环境的恶化是此次公布传承计划的诱因。“认识我的人都知道，我是个拥抱未来的人。这不是关于退休、离任或是退位。这是一个系统性规划。我希望将我的时间投入到很多事情，教育、环境和公益。”
华盛顿邮报认为这份传承计划不会对阿里巴巴造成重大影响，“马云会继续成为阿里巴巴永远的顾问”。华盛顿邮报同时写到，“这位白手起家的成功企业家曾经两次高考失利，甚至应聘肯德基遭到拒绝，但最后他成为了中国最富有的人之一。”
附公开信中英文原文：
各位阿里巴巴的客户、阿里人、阿里巴巴的股东们：
Dear Alibaba customers, Aliren, and shareholders,
今天是阿里巴巴19周年。我怀着激动的心情向大家宣布：经董事会批准，一年后的今天，也就是2019年9月10日，阿里巴巴20周年，我将不再担任阿里巴巴集团董事局主席，现任阿里巴巴集团CEO张勇（逍遥子）将接任董事局主席一职。
Today, as we mark the 19th anniversary of Alibaba, I am excited to share some news with you: with the approval of our board of directors, one year from today on September 10, 2019 which also falls on Alibaba’s 20th anniversary, Group CEO Daniel Zhang will succeed me as chairman of the board of Alibaba Group.
我从今日起会全面配合张勇，为我们的组织过渡做好准备。在2019年9月10日之后，我将继续担任阿里巴巴集团董事会成员，直至2020年阿里巴巴年度股东大会。
While remaining as executive chairman in the next 12 months, I will work closely with Daniel to ensure a smooth and successful transition. Thereafter, I will stay on the Alibaba board of directors until our annual shareholders meeting in 2020.
这是我深思熟虑、认真准备了10年的计划，今天得以实现，要感谢阿里巴巴合伙人的认同，感谢阿里巴巴董事局的批准，也要感谢所有阿里巴巴的同事们以及他们的家人，正因为过去19年大家对我的信任、支持和共同努力，让我们有足够的自信和能力迎接这一天。
I have put a lot of thought and preparation into this succession plan for ten years. I am delighted to announce the plan today thanks to the support of the Alibaba Partnership and our board of directors. I also want to offer special thanks to all Alibaba colleagues and your families, because your trust, support and our joint enterprise over the past 19 years have prepared us for this day with confidence and strength.
这标志着阿里巴巴完成了从依靠个人特质变成依靠组织机制、依靠人才文化的企业制度升级。
This transition demonstrates that Alibaba has stepped up to the next level of corporate governance from a company that relies on individuals, to one built on systems of organizational excellence and a culture of talent development.
1999年，和大家一起创办阿里巴巴的时候，我们矢志建立一家让中国和世界骄傲的公司，让公司能够持久发展102年。我们知道谁都不可能陪伴公司102年，公司持久发展靠的是治理制度、文化体系和源源不断的人才梯队，公司不可能只靠几个创始人，更何况我深知从能力、精力和体力的角度，任何人都不可能永远担任公司的CEO和董事长工作。
When Alibaba was founded in 1999, our goal was to build a company that could make China and the world proud and one that could cross three centuries to last 102 years. However, we all knew that no one could stay with the company for 102 years. A sustainable Alibaba would have to be built on sound governance, culture-centric philosophy, and consistency in developing talent. No company can rely solely on its founders. Of all people, I should know that. Because of physical limits on one’s ability and energy, no one can shoulder the responsibilities of chairman and CEO forever.
10年前我们就问自己这个问题，如何保证马云离开公司以后，阿里巴巴依然健康发展？我们相信只有建立一套制度，形成一套独特的文化，培养和锻炼出一大批人才的接班人体系，才能解开企业传承发展的难题。为此，这十年来，我们从未停止过努力和实践。
We asked ourselves this question 10 years ago – how could Alibaba achieve sustainable growth after Jack Ma leaves the company? We believed the only way to solve the problem of corporate leadership succession was to develop a system of governance based on a unique culture and mechanisms for developing consistent talent and successors. For the last 10 years, we kept working on these ingredients.
我受的教育让我成为一名教师，能够走到今天我非常幸运。为公司未来负责也为自己负责，应该让公司里更年轻、更有能力和才华的人来担任领导工作，继续传承“让天下没有难做的生意”这个伟大的使命。我们帮助全世界的中小企业、年轻人、妇女发展的使命和愿景让我们激动不已，这是我们的初心，也是我们的福报和责任，真正相信并实现这样的使命就需要更多马云、数代阿里人去为之奋斗。
Having been trained as a teacher, I feel extremely proud of what I have achieved. Teachers always want their students to exceed them, so the responsible thing to do for me and the company to do is to let younger, more talented people take over in leadership roles so that they inherit our mission “to make it easy to do business anywhere.” Carrying out this mission in order to help small businesses, young people and women around the world is my passion. This is not only our intent from day one but I feel blessed to have this opportunity. To realize the dream behind this mission requires participation by a lot more people than just Jack Ma and persistent effort by generations of Aliren.
今天的阿里巴巴最了不起的不是它的业务、规模和已经取得的成绩，最了不起的是我们已经变成了一家真正使命愿景驱动的企业。我们创建的新型合伙人机制，我们独特的文化和良将如潮的人才梯队，为公司传承打下坚实的制度基础。事实上，自2013年我交棒CEO开始，我们已经靠这样的机制顺利运转了5年。
Alibaba is amazing not because of our business or scale or accomplishments. The best thing about Alibaba is that we come together under a common mission and vision. Our partnership system, unique culture and talented team have laid a strong foundation for the legacy of our company. In fact, since I handed over the CEO’s responsibilities in 2013, the company has run smoothly for five years on the back of these institutional ingredients.
我们创建的合伙人机制创造性地解决了规模公司的创新力问题、领导人传承问题、未来担当力问题和文化传承问题。这几年来，我们不断研究和完善我们的制度和人才文化体系，单纯靠人或制度都不能解决问题，只有制度和人、文化完美结合在一起，才能让公司健康持久发展。
The partnership system we developed is a creative solution to good governance and sustainability, as it overcomes several challenges faced by companies of scale: continuous innovation, leadership succession, accountability and cultural continuity. Over the years, in iterating our management model, we have experimented with and improved on the right balance between systems and individuals. Simply relying on individuals or blindly following a system will not solve our problems. To achieve long-term sustainable growth, you need the right balance among system, people and culture.
我深信，今天阿里巴巴合伙人制度和阿里巴巴所捍卫的文化，假以时日，将会越来越赢得客户、员工和股东的支持和拥护。
I have full confidence that our partnership system and efforts to safeguard our culture will in time win over the love and support from customers, employees and shareholders.
1999年创始之日起，我们就提出未来的阿里巴巴必须要有“良将如潮”的人才团队和迭代发展的接班人体系。经过19年的努力，今天的阿里巴巴无论是人才的质量和数量都堪称世界一流。作为教师出身的我，看到我们今天的团队、领导群体、以使命价值观驱动的独特文化，以及不断涌现出的一大批以张勇为代表的杰出商业领袖和专业人才，我深感自豪！
Since the founding of the company in 1999, we have been of the view that Alibaba’s future will need to depend on “droves of talent” to enable us to iterate on our management succession plans. After years of hard work, today’s Alibaba has a world-class talent pool in quality and quantity. The teacher in me feels extremely proud of our team, our leadership and our unique mission-driven culture, as well as the fact that we continue to develop exceptional business leaders and professional talent like Daniel Zhang.
张勇加入阿里巴巴已经十一年，自担任阿里巴巴集团CEO以来，展现出了卓越的商业才华和坚定沉着的领导力，连续13季度实现阿里巴巴业绩健康持续增长。他具有超级计算机般的逻辑和思考能力，坚信使命愿景，勇于担当，全情投入，敢于站在未来创新设计新型商业模式和业态。
Daniel has been with Alibaba Group for 11 years. Since he took over as CEO, he has demonstrated his superb talent, business acumen and determined leadership. Under his stewardship, Alibaba has seen consistent and sustainable growth for 13 consecutive quarters. His analytical mind is unparalleled, he holds dear our mission and vision, he embraces responsibility with passion, and he has the guts to innovate and test creative business models.
他被评为中国2018年最佳CEO排名第一，这份荣誉当之无愧！他和他的团队已经赢得了客户、员工和股东们的信任和支持。阿里巴巴的接力火炬交给他和他领导的团队，我认为这是我现在最应该做的最正确决定。这几年我和张勇的合作配合经历，让我对他和他领导的新一代阿里巴巴领导团队充满信心！
Deservedly, China’s business news media has named him the No.1 CEO in 2018. For these reasons, he and his team have won the trust and support of customers, employees and shareholders. Starting the process of passing the Alibaba torch to Daniel and his team is the right decision at the right time, because I know from working with them that they are ready, and I have complete confidence in our next generation of leaders.
关于我自己未来的发展，我还有很多美好的梦想。大家知道我是闲不住的人，除了继续担任阿里巴巴合伙人和为合伙人组织机制做努力和贡献外，我想回归教育，做我热爱的事情会让我无比兴奋和幸福。
As for myself, I still have lots of dreams to pursue. Those who know me know that I do not like to sit idle. I plan on continuing my role as the founding partner in the Alibaba Partnership and contribute to the work of the partnership. I also want to return to education, which excites me with so much blessing because this is what I love to do.
再说了，世界那么大，趁我还年轻，很多事想试试，万一实现了呢？！
The world is big, and I am still young, so I want to try new things – because what if new dreams can be realized?!
我可以向大家承诺的是，阿里从来不只属于马云，但马云会永远属于阿里。
The one thing I can promise everyone is this: Alibaba was never about Jack Ma, but Jack Ma will forever belong to Alibaba.
马云
Jack Ma
2018年9月10日
September 10, 2018
